The Magic Square is an ancient mathematical curiosity, said to have been appeared in Chinese around
2800 BCE. Better known is the 4x4 magic square in Durer's engraving of 1514.
The well known
modification included here, making it "automatic", means that the square can mostly be completed in
advance, avoiding the boredom of watching while the magician does the mental arithmetic for the
whole thing.
There are a number of ways to make it magic, and the best one I know is the "NFA
Magic Square" by Mark Elsdon, where the magician arranges to get a peek of the spectator's number
rather than lamely asking for it.